347-32 ACI STANDARD
Pressures on Formwork,” Institute of Construction, Department
of Civil Engineering, North Carolina State University,
Raleigh, N.C., Oct., 1999, 90 pp.
2.2. Gardner, N. J., “Pressure of Concrete Against
Formwork,” ACI J
OURNAL, Proceedings V. 77, No. 4, July-
Aug. 1980, pp. 279-286; and discussion, Proceedings V. 78,
No. 3, May-June 1981, pp. 243-246.
2.3. Gardner, N. J., and Ho, P. T.-J., “Lateral Pressure of
Fresh Concrete,” ACI J
OURNAL, Proceedings V. 76, No. 7,
July 1979, pp. 809-820.
2.4. Clear, C. A., and Harrison, T. A., 1985, “Concrete
Pressure on Formwork,” CIRIA Report No. 108, Construction
Industry Research and Information Association, London, 32 pp.
2.5. “Pressure of Concrete on Vertical Formwork (Frisch-
beton auf Lotrechte Schalungen),” DIN 18218, Deutsches
Institut für Normung e.V., Berlin, 1980, 4 pp.
2.6. Gardner, N. J., “Pressure of Concrete on Formwork—
A Review,” ACI J
OURNAL, Proceedings V. 82, No. 5, July-
Aug. 1985, pp. 744-753.
2.7. British Cement Association, “Hi-Rib Permanent
Formwork Trials,” Report and Appendix, RE1.031.01.1
BCA, Slough, UK, Feb. and July 1992, 22 and 9 pp.
2.8. Grundy, P., and Kabaila, A., “Construction Loads on
Slabs with Shored Formwork in Multistory Buildings,” ACI
J
OURNAL, Proceedings V. 60, No. 12, Dec. 1963, pp. 1729-1738.
2.9. Agarwal, R. K., and Gardner, N. J., “Form and Shore
Requirements for Multistory Flat Slab Type Buildings,” ACI
J
OURNAL, Proceedings V. 71, No. 11, Nov. 1974, pp. 559-569.
2.10. Stivaros, P. C., and Halvorsen, G. T., “Shoring/
Reshoring Operations for Multistory Buildings,” ACI Structural
Journal, V. 87, No. 5, Sept.-Oct. 1990, pp. 589-596.
2.11. Noble, J., “Stop Guessing at Reshore Loads—
Measure Them,” Concrete Construction, V. 20, No. 7, 1975,
pp. 277-280.
CHAPTER 4 REFERENCES
4.1. Manual of Standard Practice, 27th Edition, Concrete
Reinforcing Steel Institute, Schaumburg, Ill., 2001, 116 pp.
4.2. Randall, F. A., Jr., and Courtois, P. D., “Side Form
Spacers,” ACI J
OURNAL, Proceedings V. 73, No. 2, Feb.
1976, pp. 116-120.
4.3. “Wood Handbook: Wood as an Engineering Material,”
Agriculture Handbook 72, Forest Products Society, U. S.
Department of Agriculture, Madison, Wisc, 1998, 464 pp.
4.4. Manual for Wood Frame Construction, National
Forest Products Association (now American Forest & Paper
Association), Washington, D.C., 1988.
4.5. Stalnaker, J. J., and Harris, E. C., Structural Design in
Wood, 2nd Edition, Chapman & Hall, 1997, 448 pp.
4.6. American Institute of Timber Construction, Timber
Construction Manual, 4th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New
York, 1994, 928 pp.
4.7. “National Design Specification for Wood Construction
(ANSI/AF&PA NDS-1997),” American Forest & Paper
Association, Washington, D.C., 1997, 174 pp.
4.8. “Plywood Design Specification,” APA—The Engi-
neered Wood Association, Tacoma, Wash., 1997, 32 pp.
4.9. “Specification for Structural Steel Buildings—
Allowable Stress Design and Plastic Design,” American
Institute of Steel Construction, Chicago, Ill., 1989, 220 pp.
4.10. “Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel
Structural Members,” American Iron and Steel Institute,
Washington, D.C., 1986, 82 pp.
4.11. Aluminum Design Manual: Specifications & Guide-
lines for Aluminum Structures, The Aluminum Association,
Washington, D.C., 1994.
4.12. Ziverts, G. J., “A Study of Cardboard Voids for
Prestressed Concrete Box Slabs,” PCI Journal, V. 9, No. 3,
1964, pp. 66-93, and V. 9, No. 4, pp. 33-68.
4.13. Hurd, M. K., “Using Glass-Fiber-Reinforced-Plastic
Forms,” Concrete Construction, V. 42, No. 9, 1997, 689 pp.
4.14. Hurd, M. K., “Nonmetallic Form Ties,” Concrete
Construction, V. 38, No. 10, 1993, pp. 695-699.
4.15. Building Materials Committee, Cellular Plastics in
Construction, Cellular Plastics Division, Society of the Plas-
tics Industry, Washington, D.C.
4.16. Hurd, M. K., “Expand Your Forming Options,”
Concrete Construction, V. 42, No. 9, Sept. 1997, pp. 725-728.
4.17. “Standard Specifications and Load Tables for Open
Web Steel Joists,” Steel Joist Institute, Myrtle Beach, S.C,
1994, 96 pp.
4.18. “Recommended Horizontal Shoring Beam Erection
Procedure,” Scaffolding, Shoring, and Forming Institute,
Cleveland, Ohio, 1983.
4.19. “Recommended Safety Requirements for Shoring
Concrete Formwork,” Scaffolding, Shoring, and Forming
Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, 1990.
4.20. “Concrete Forming,” V345, APA—The Engineered
Wood Association, Tacoma, Wash., 1998, 28 pp.
4.21. Smulski, S., ed., Engineered Wood Products: A
Guide for Specifiers, Designers, and Users, PFS Research
Foundation, Madison, Wisc., 1997, 330 pp.
4.22. Hurd, M. K., “Plastic Form Liners,” Concrete
Construction, V. 39, No. 11, Nov. 1994, pp. 847-853.
4.23. Hurd, M. K., “Choosing and Using a Form
Release Agent,” Concrete Construction, V. 41, No. 10,
1996, pp. 732-736.
CHAPTER 7 REFERENCES
7.1. PCI Committee on Tolerances, “Tolerances for
Precast and Prestressed Concrete,” PCI Journal, V. 30, No.
1, Jan.-Feb. 1985, pp. 26-112.