GRANDFACTS
STATE FACT SHEETS FOR GRANDFAMILIES
The GrandFacts state fact sheets for grandfamilies include state-specific data and programs as well as
information about public benefits, educational assistance, legal relationship options and state laws. Visit
www.grandfamilies.org to find this and all GrandFacts state fact sheets.
Mississippi
Grandfamilies Data
121,849
Children living in homes where a relative is
head of household
58,000
Children being raised by kin with no
parent present
1,690
Children in foster care
being raised by kin
44,986
Grandparents
responsible for their
grandchildren in
Mississippi
For every 1 child raised
by kin in foster care,
there are 33 being
raised by kin outside of
foster care
GRANDFACTS: Mississippi PAGE 2
The data presented in these graphics is from the United States Census Bureau, the Annie E. Casey Foundation
Kids Count Data Center and the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis Reporting System (AFCARS).
• To learn more about children in Mississippi living in homes where relatives are head of household, click
here. For national data, click here.
• To learn more about children in Mississippi being raised by kin with no parents present, click here. For
national data, click here.
• To learn more about children in Mississippi in foster care being raised by kin, click here. For national
data, click here.
• To learn more about grandparents in Mississippi responsible for their grandchildren, click here. For
national data, click here.
For more information on kinship care and caregivers, and for detailed instructions on accessing and
interpreting this data, please visit: www.gu.org/resources/accessing-and-interpreting-grandfamilies-data/
Programs That May Help
Local programs that provide support, resources and assistance to grandfamilies can often be found by
contacting your local school, area agency on aging, community center, faith-based organization or children’s
services office.
Key Programs in Mississippi
Families as Allies
Website: www.faams.org
Contact: Joy Hogge, Ph.D.
Phone: 601-355-0915 ext. 12; or 1-800-833-9671 (toll-free)
Email: jhogge@faams.org
Service Area: Statewide
Description: Information and referrals, advocacy and peer support.
Mississippi Families for Kids - Relatives Raising Other’s Children (ROC)
Website: http://mffk.org/programs
Contact: Nadeane Sander
Phone: 601-957-7670 ext. 102
Email: [email protected]
Service Area: Statewide
Description: Information and referrals, access to clothes closet, assistance with school supplies, and
educational workshops on legal rights, custody issues and visitation.
Public Benefits
Federal and state public benefits programs can help with income, food, healthcare, home energy, telephone
and other needs for those who are eligible. Eligibility requirements vary with each public benefit and
sometimes are different from state to state. Some benefits are for the family and others are for children or
GRANDFACTS: Mississippi PAGE 3
older adults individually. Children are often eligible for public benefits even if their caregivers do not have
guardianship or legal custody. Relative caregivers may become eligible for benefits programs when their
household size increases.
Help with Public Benefits
AARP Foundation’s Benefits QuickLink
Benefits QuickLINK, powered by BenefitsCheckUp of the National Council on Aging, offers a free and private
way to complete a questionnaire to find out if relatives and/or the children they are raising qualify for certain
programs that pay for food, increase income and cover home and healthcare costs. The specific programs
covered by the questionnaire in the website are listed below. Once the questionnaire is completed, the
website generates a list of eligible programs and contact information.
www.aarp.org/quicklink
Benefits.gov
An official website of the federal government, this resource has state specific information on benefits, in
addition to a screening tool to find out which programs you may be eligible to receive.
www.benefits.gov
Eldercare Locator
The National Eldercare Locator service helps you find your local area agency on aging and other state and local
resources that can help with public benefits, local programs and other services for older adults.
1-800-677-1116 (toll-free)
eldercare.acl.gov/Public/Index.aspx
Key Public Benefits: Income
Each state administers federal funds that provide cash assistance to families in need. Some states also offer
other forms of financial assistance.
GRANDFACTS: Mississippi PAGE 4
Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF)
Cash assistance may be available to eligible children and their relative caregivers. There are two types of TANF
grants: child-only and family grants. Under virtually all states' policies, caregiver income is not considered in
determining eligibility for TANF child-only grants. TANF child-only grants are based solely on the income of the
child, and are designed to help meet the needs of just the child. Child-only grants are not subject to time limits
and work requirements like TANF family grants.
Mississippi Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
Mississippi Department of Human Services, Division of Economic Assistance
601-359-4500
Email: [email protected]
www.mdhs.ms.gov/economic-assistance/tanf/
Generations United’s Grand Resources:
A Fact Sheet for Grandparent and Relative Caregivers to Help Access Support through the Temporary
Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Program
www.gu.org/resources/
Social Security
A multigenerational program, Social Security provides income benefits to adults, older adults and children. In
addition to Retirement and Disability benefits, Survivor’s Benefits are based on a child’s parent’s earnings and
may help if a child’s parents die. Your grandchild may also qualify for benefits based on your work record. The
Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program pays benefits to disabled adults and children who have limited
income and resources. SSI benefits are also payable to people 65 and older without disabilities who meet the
financial limits.
Online Directory - To find your local Social Security Administration office.
1-800-772-1213 (toll-free)
https://secure.ssa.gov/
Key Public Benefits: Nutrition
Relative caregivers and their families may be eligible for assistance with groceries, meals, infant formula and
nutrition education. These are some of the key nutrition benefits programs and resources.
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
SNAP is the new name for the federal Food Stamp Program. It helps low-income individuals and families buy
the food they need for good health. Although SNAP is the national name, your state may use a different name.
Mississippi Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
Mississippi Department of Human Services, Division of Economic Assistance
601-359-4500
Email: [email protected]
www.mdhs.ms.gov/economic-assistance/snap/
GRANDFACTS: Mississippi PAGE 5
Food and Nutrition Services of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Child Nutrition Program - The schools, early childhood education programs, child care centers, afterschool
programs or other programs that children attend may offer free or reduced meals through the federal Child
Nutrition Program, which provides breakfast, lunch, snacks, summer meals and milk. Contact the school,
center or program to ask if they participate in any of the child nutrition programs and how to apply. Relative
caregivers should inform the program that they are raising the child and whether or not they are doing so
through a court order.
Online State Directory - To find your state office that manages the Child Nutrition Program.
www.fns.usda.gov/contacts
Women, Infant and Children (WIC) - States administer federal funds for supplemental foods, health care
referrals, and nutrition education for low-income pregnant, breastfeeding, and non-breastfeeding postpartum
women, and to infants and children up to age five who are found to be at nutritional risk.
Online State Directory - To find your state office that manages the WIC program.
www.fns.usda.gov/wic/wic-contacts
Foodbanks
Organizations that provide free food and sometimes other items, such as diapers, to families in need.
Online State Directory - To find local food banks.
www.feedingamerica.org/foodbank-results.aspx
Key Public Benefits: Health Care
Relative caregivers and the children they are raising may be eligible for health insurance through Medicare
and/or Medicaid and help with prescription drugs. Benefits QuickLINK can help you find these benefits.
www.aarp.org/quicklink
Health Insurance for Children
Relative caregivers may apply for free or low-cost health and dental insurance for the children they are
raising through the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), which provides health coverage to
eligible children through both Medicaid and separate CHIP programs. CHIP and Medicaid are the
national names, and your state may use different names.
Mississippi Medicaid and CHIP
Mississippi Division of Medicaid
601-359-3789; or 800-421-2408 (toll-free)
https://medicaid.ms.gov/
Consent to Obtain Health Care
Even with insurance, consenting to health care for a child can be a challenge for relative caregivers who
do not have legal custody. Some states have laws that allow these caregivers to “consent” to such
treatment.
GRANDFACTS: Mississippi PAGE 6
Grandfamilies.org Online Database - To see if your state has such a law.
www.grandfamilies.org/Search-Laws
Key Public Benefits: Tax Credits
The following information is about tax credits from the federal government available throughout the United
States. Similar tax credits may exist in your state for state taxes. For example, according to the Center on
Budget and Policy Priorities (CBPP), 29 states and the District of Columbia offer a state tax credit based on the
federal Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) and four states offer a Child Tax Credit. See CBPP’s “Get it Back
Campaign” for more information on state tax credits.
Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) is an income tax credit for workers who do not have high incomes. It is a
refundable tax credit, which means you could get a refund check from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
even if you don't earn enough to pay taxes.
Child Tax Credit is a tax credit for up to $2,000 per dependent child. But, it is not refundable.
Additional Child Tax Credit may help if you don’t owe enough taxes to benefit from the child tax credit. Unlike
the child tax credit, this tax credit is refundable.
Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit may help you if you’ve hired someone to help care for the child so you
could work or look for work. If so, you may be able to claim up to $3,000 in expenses per child.
Adoption Tax Credit can help if you have adopted your grandchild or other relative. It can give you a credit for
the money you spent to adopt. If you adopted a child from the foster care system with special needs, you may
be eligible for the maximum amount of credit for the year you adopted regardless of whether you had any
qualifying expenses. If you did not adopt from the foster care system, you must have qualifying expenses like
legal fees. This tax credit allows adoptive parents to claim up to $14,300 per child in 2020, with the amount
increasing incrementally each year.
Please note that tax credits themselves are not counted as income. They will not be counted when you apply
for financial help.
Center for Budget and Policy Priorities (CBPP) – To find out about tax credits in your state.
www.cbpp.org
The U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) – To find out more information about each of these tax credits
www.irs.gov
Education
The U.S. Department of Education offers a parent site that has a wide range of helpful information for
parents and caregivers regarding children’s education from early childhood through college, special
GRANDFACTS: Mississippi PAGE 7
needs, disabilities, language challenges and gifted students.
1-800-USA-LEARN (1-800-872-5327) (toll-free)
www.ed.gov/parents
Mississippi Department of Education
601-359-1750
www.mdek12.org
Educational Enrollment
Relative caregivers can contact their local school district’s administrative office or their local school to find out
how to register the child and what paperwork is needed. Caregivers may need birth records, health records or
previous school records. Some states have laws that allow relative caregivers without legal custody or
guardianship to enroll the children they are raising in school. These laws are often called education “consent”
laws, but they may be called something else in your state.
Grandfamilies.org Online Database - To find out if your state has an education consent law.
www.grandfamilies.org/Search-Laws
Early Intervention, Special Education and Related Services
The Federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) - From birth to age 21, children who have
learning disabilities, physical disabilities or other special needs may be able to get early intervention,
preschool and special education services in school through the federal IDEA. Services may include speech,
physical and occupational therapies.
The IDEA requires that states identify, locate and evaluate all children ages 3 to 21 with disabilities who may
need special education and related services. Once the evaluation team, which includes a child’s caregivers, has
decided if a child is eligible for early intervention, preschool or special education services, an Individual Family
Service Plan (IFSP; birth to three years of age) or an Individual Education Plan (IEP; three to 21 years of age) is
developed and services should begin shortly.
Mississippi Department of Education, Office of Special Education
601-359-3498
www.mdek12.org/OSE
Parent Centers across the country provide information to help parents and caregivers with children
who have special education needs and disabilities.
Online State Directory - To find Parent Centers in your state.
www.parentcenterhub.org/find-your-center/
Generations United’s Grand Resources:
A Grandparent’s and Other Relative’s Guide to Raising Children with Disabilities
www.gu.org/resources/
GRANDFACTS: Mississippi PAGE 8
Early Childhood Education
Head Start and Early Head Start are early education programs for eligible children.
Online Directory - To find Head Start or Early Head Start centers in your state.
1-866-763-6481 (toll-free)
eclkc.ohs.acf.hhs.gov/center-locator
Child Care Aware provides information, resources and connection to local Child Care Resource and
Referral Agencies (CCR&R) that help you find local child care.
Online Directory - To find your local Child Care Resource & Referral Agency.
1- 800-424-2246 (toll-free)
www.childcareaware.org/families/
Legal
The following legal relationships may be options for both those children exiting the foster care system and
those outside the system. For those families who do not want to establish a legal relationship, consent and
power of attorney laws are available in several states.
All of the following options are presented in general terms. This area of the law is created at the state level, so
how these options are defined and which ones are available can vary significantly by state.
Adoption
With adoption, the relative caregiver becomes the parent in the eyes of the law. This fact makes access to
services on behalf of the child the same as for any parent. Adoption ends all of the birth parents’ rights and
responsibilities, which means that birth parents cannot go to court later and reclaim those rights and
responsibilities.
Adoption assistance payments may be available to relative caregivers who choose to adopt children in their
care from the child welfare system.
North American Council on Adoptable Children - To get information about your state’s subsidy, in
addition to other adoption information.
www.nacac.org
Dave Thomas Foundation for Adoption - To find adoption resources that may be helpful to you.
www.davethomasfoundation.org
Guardianship
The biggest difference between adoption and guardianship is that guardianship does not take away all the
birth parents’ rights and responsibilities. Parents typically keep certain rights and the obligation to financially
support the child. Unlike adoption, the parents can go back to court and ask for the guardianship to be ended.
For caregivers, a guardianship allows them to access services on behalf of the child that otherwise might prove
impossible while not changing family relationships, like making grandma legally mom.
GRANDFACTS: Mississippi PAGE 9
Guardianship assistance payments may be available to relative caregivers who choose to get guardianship of
the children in their care who are exiting the child welfare system.
Subsidized Guardianship- Find out more about whether your state has guardianship assistance.
Comparing Adoption and Guardianship
This chart, created by Generations United with support from the Dave Thomas Foundation for Adoption, is
designed to help kinship foster parents compare adoption and guardianship as two options that you and the
children in your care can pursue to exit foster care and create permanent families.
https://www.gu.org/resources/adoption-and-guardianship-for-children-in-kinship-foster-care/
Legal Custody
Legal custody is similar to guardianship, but it is usually granted by a different court that has different
procedures.
Other Options
In some states, relative caregivers who do not want or have a legal relationship to the children in their care
have laws that make it possible to access health care treatment and educational services on behalf of the
children without going to court.
For more information on all these options, and to see what exists in your state, see www.grandfamilies.org.
State Laws
Grandfamilies.org is a collaboration between Generations United, the American Bar Association Center on
Children and the Law and Casey Family Programs. It contains an easy-to-use, searchable database of state laws
and legislation directly impacting kinship families. You will also find explanations of legal topic areas, practical
implementation ideas, personal stories and many other resources.
Topics Covered:
• Adoption
• Care and Custody
• Education
• Federal Laws
• Foster Care Licensing
• Financial Assistance
• Healthcare
• Housing
• Kinship Navigator Programs
• National Family Caregiver Support Program
• Notification of Relatives
• Subsidized Guardianship
The online database of laws and legislation is at www.grandfamilies.org/Search-Laws.
GRANDFACTS: Mississippi PAGE 10
Updates
If you have an update or a resource to be included in this or any of the other GrandFacts State Fact Sheets,
please email grandfam[email protected].
Acknowledgements
Major support for the GrandFacts State Fact Sheets for Grandfamilies was provided by
The Brookdale Foundation Group
in partnership with Casey Family Programs
with additional support from
AARP, ChildFocus and the Dave Thomas Foundation for Adoption
Disclaimers: None of the sponsoring organizations or foundations of this fact sheet assessed or evaluated listed programs for their
responsiveness or effectiveness. Consequently, none of the sponsoring organizations or foundations assume any liability for any
program’s usefulness or accuracy of their listed information. The programs are included solely based on their own claim that they
provide services or supports to grandfamilies. Omission of any relevant program is not intentional. We welcome feedback and
updates via email to [email protected].
© Grandfactsheets.org, 2021
Reprinting permissible provided “GrandFacts State Fact Sheets at www.grandfactsheets.org” is credited and no profits are made.
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Updated March 2021
