2/4/2015
Literature Review Strategies
The following are brief descriptions of techniques that you might use in your literature review. Choose the
approaches that are the most pertinent to your rhetorical situation. Defer to your professor’s instructions.
Summary
Briefly state the
argument and main
points of relevant
research.
Synthesis
Combine ideas in order to form
an integrated theory or system
through critical evaluation,
compare/contrast, etc.
Analysis
Closely examine the
elements or structure of the
research and interpret
through the lens of the field.
Evaluation
Assess the research based on
criteria you choose, state, and
explain. Support your
evaluation with research.
Sample Literature Review (Short Version)
Thesis Statement: Service-learning programs implemented in American undergraduate universities
since 2000 have not only proven beneficial for the individuals or organizations being served but also for
the participating students by offering opportunities for academic, emotional, and social growth.
Prior studies have identified many benefits for educational institutions from
service-learning programs. These benefits include positive perceptions of the university by
the community (Miron & Moely, 2006), enhanced student retention rates (Eyler et al.,
2001), positive teaching and learning outcomes such as greater student involvement and
participation in class (Caruso et al., 2007), and increased opportunities for meaningful
research and scholarly activities (Strand et al., 2003).
In this study and related research, the individuals serving are university students
who are collaborating with the community partner. The studied benefits to individuals
serving include cultural awareness sharing (Crabtree, 2008), as well as networking
opportunities and application of classroom learning to real-world issues (Bowen et al.,
2009). Ultimately, service-learning stimulates student learning and engages students in
their surrounding communities. Service learning creates new goals for students such as
personal development, career development, moral development, academic achievement,
and “reflective civic participation” (Lamb et al., 1998). These types of projects allow
students to utilize material learned in the classroom to improve societal conditions.
Integrating concepts and theories learned in the classroom with everyday life
makes students more capable of highlighting the importance of each course. Additionally,
material learned in business courses can be applied to benefit the community through a
variety of tangible services, such as business planning or marketing new programs.
Service learning is an excellent way for students to apply their course lessons to real-world
situations and concurrently benefit the community.
Evaluation and
application to
thesis/topic